Moon J, Shim J, Kim E, Hwang E. MIFlu: Large Language Model-based Multimodal Influenza Forecasting Scheme. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2025 Apr 15;PP
In order to minimize the impact of influenza on public health, accurate early forecasting is essential. Various deep-learning-based models have been proposed to predict future influenza occurrences by capturing temporal/regional patterns from past occurrence time-series data. However, the prediction performance of these unimodal approaches is limited because they extract knowledge only from collected data, and users cannot input contextual information and domain knowledge to them. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the potential to improve prediction accuracy by linking contextual text information to time-series predictions. In this paper, we propose MIFlu, a multimodal influenza forecasting scheme that can fuse contextual text information to time-series influenza occurrences using two LLMs. It first extracts text embeddings from the user´s text prompts that contain contextual information using a text-embedding LLM. Then, MIFlu fuses the text embeddings and time-series embeddings and uses the fused embeddings to predict future occurrences using a forecasting LLM. In extensive experiments using public national/regional influenza datasets, MIFlu outperforms other predictive models, improving prediction performance by up to 26.2% compared to state-of-the-art models. We also analyze the effect of various textual input embedders, hyperparameters, and the amount of training data on forecasting accuracy.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- Engineered Bacillus subtilis to deliver dsRNA via extracellular vesicles against the H9N2 avian influenza virus 3 hours ago
- [preprint]Spatiotemporal dynamics and ecological risk factors of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in Canadian wildlife: A One Health surveillance analysis 3 hours ago
- Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Jiangsu Province, China, 2024 15 hours ago
- Innate Pathway Selection Modulates Antibody and T-Cell Responses to Mosaic Influenza Nucleoprotein in Cattle 1 days ago
- Game Over for the Baseline: Influenza Hospitalization Patterns Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic (FluSurv-NET, 2009–2025) 1 days ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]


