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2025-3-14 16:03:05


Wang Z, Tian C, Zhu J, Wang S, Ao X, He Y, Chen H,. Avian influenza mRNA vaccine encoding hemagglutinin provides complete protection against divergent H5N1 viruses in specific-pathogen-free chickens. J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Jan 29;23(1):55
submited by kickingbird at Jan, 30, 2025 17:22 PM from J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Jan 29;23(1):55

Background: The rapid mutation of avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant threat to both the poultry industry and public health. Herein, we have successfully developed an mRNA-LNPs candidate vaccine for H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza and evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy.

Results: In experiments on BALB/c mice, the vaccine candidate elicited strong humoral and a certain cellular immune responses and protected mice from the heterologous AIV challenge. Antibody and splenocyte passive transfer assays in mice suggested that antibodies played a crucial role in providing protection. Experiments involving SPF chickens have revealed that two doses of the 5 μg vaccine candidate in this study provided 100% complete protection against homologous strains, but only 50% complete protection against heterologous strains. Even immunization with two doses of the 15 μg vaccine candidate resulted in 90% complete protection against heterologous strains. To enhance the immune efficacy of the candidate vaccine, we designed 6 sequences with different secondary structures and screened out the candidate sequence with the highest expression (SY2-HA mRNA). Experiments on SPF chickens showed that two doses of 5 μg SY2-HA mRNA-LNP vaccine provided 100% complete protection against homologous and heterologous H5N1 AIV strains. Immunization tests with the SY2-HA mRNA-LNP vaccine were repeated in the SPF chicken model, inducing antibody production levels that are consistent with previous tests and providing 100% complete protection against both homologous and heterologous strains of the virus, indicating that the vaccine has a stable immune efficacy.

Conclusions: The vaccine developed in this study provides complete protection against divergent H5N1 AIV strains in chickens, offering a promising approach for the future development of mRNA vaccines against multivalent avian influenza subtypes.

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