Juraszek J, Milder FJ, Yu X, Blokland S, van Overv. Engineering a cleaved, prefusion-stabilized influenza B virus hemagglutinin by identification and locking of all six pH switches. PNAS Nexus. 2024 Oct 11;3(10):pgae462
Vaccine components based on viral fusion proteins require high stability of the native prefusion conformation for optimal potency and manufacturability. In the case of influenza B virus hemagglutinin (HA), the stem´s conformation relies on efficient cleavage. In this study, we identified six pH-sensitive regions distributed across the entire ectodomain where protonated histidines assume either a repulsive or an attractive role. Substitutions in these areas enhanced the protein´s expression, quality, and stability in its prefusion trimeric state. Importantly, this stabilization enabled the production of a cleavable HA0, which is further processed into HA1 and HA2 by furin during exocytic pathway passage, thereby facilitating correct folding, increased stability, and screening for additional stabilizing substitutions in the core of the metastable fusion domain. Cryo-EM analysis at neutral and low pH revealed a previously unnoticed pH switch involving the C-terminal residues of the natively cleaved HA1. This switch keeps the fusion peptide in a clamped state at neutral pH, averting premature conformational shift. Our findings shed light on new strategies for possible improvements of recombinant or genetic-based influenza B vaccines.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- Dual receptor-binding, infectivity, and transmissibility of an emerging H2N2 low pathogenicity avian influenza virus 18 hours ago
- Validation of a reduction in time for avian influenza virus isolation using specific pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs 18 hours ago
- Unveiling the role of long non-coding RNAs in chicken immune response to highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 infection 18 hours ago
- Influenza at the human-animal interface summary and assessment, 1 November 2024 18 hours ago
- [preprint]Global risk mapping of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and H5Nx in the light of epidemic episodes occurring from 2020 onward 2 days ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]