Silva F, Boal-Carvalho I, Williams N, Chabert M, N. Identification of a short sequence motif in the influenza A virus pathogenicity factor PB1-F2 required for inhibition of human NLRP3. J Virol. 2024 Apr 3:e0041124
Influenza A virus infection activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, a multiprotein signaling complex responsible for the proteolytic activation and release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β from monocytes and macrophages. Some influenza A virus (IAV) strains encode a short 90-amino acid peptide (PB1-F2) on an alternative open reading frame of segment 2, with immunomodulatory activity. We recently demonstrated that contemporary IAV PB1-F2 inhibits the activation of NLRP3, potentially by NEK7-dependent activation. PB1-F2 binds to NLRP3 with its C-terminal 50 amino acids, but the exact binding motif was unknown. On the NLRP3 side, the interface is formed through the leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) domain, potentially in conjunction with the pyrin domain. Here, we took advantage of PB1-F2 sequences from IAV strains with either weak or strong NLRP3 interaction. Sequence comparison and structure prediction using Alphafold2 identified a short four amino acid sequence motif (TQGS) in PB1-F2 that defines NLRP3-LRR binding. Conversion of this motif to that of the non-binding PB1-F2 suffices to lose inhibition of NLRP3 dependent IL-1β release. The TQGS motif further alters the subcellular localization of PB1-F2 and its colocalization with NLRP3 LRR and pyrin domain. Structural predictions suggest the establishment of additional hydrogen bonds between the C-terminus of PB1-F2 and the LRR domain of NLRP3, with two hydrogen bonds connecting to threonine and glutamine of the TQGS motif. Phylogenetic data show that the identified NLRP3 interaction motif in PB1-F2 is widely conserved among recent IAV-infecting humans. Our data explain at a molecular level the specificity of NLRP3 inhibition by influenza A virus.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- Protocol for enhanced human surveillance of avian influenza A(H5N1) on farms in Canada 5 hours ago
- Evolutionary analysis of Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase gene variation in H1N1 swine influenza virus from vaccine intervention in China 6 hours ago
- Avian raptors are indicator species and victims of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus HPAIV H5N1 (clade 2.3.4.4b) in Germany 6 hours ago
- Genetic and pathological analysis of hooded cranes (Grus monacha) naturally infected with clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in South Korea in the winter of 2022 6 hours ago
- H1N1 swine influenza viruses upregulate NEU1 expression through histone H3 acetylation regulated by HDAC2 6 hours ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]