Sreenivasan CC, Uprety T, Reedy SE, Temeeyasen G,. Experimental Infection of Horses with Influenza D Virus. Viruses. 2022 Mar 23;14(4):661.
Antibodies to influenza D virus (IDV) have been detected in horses, but no evidence of disease in the field has been reported. To determine whether IDV is infectious, immunogenic, and pathogenic in horses, four 2-year-old horses seronegative for both influenza A (H3N8) and D viruses were intranasally inoculated with 6.25 × 107 TCID50/animal of D/bovine/California/0363/2019 (D/CA2019) virus, using a portable equine nebulizer system. Horses were observed daily for clinical signs including rectal temperature, nasal discharge, coughing, lung sounds, tachycardia, and tachypnea. No horses exhibited clinical signs of disease. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 1-8 days post-infection demonstrated virus shedding by qRT-PCR. The horses showed evidence of seroconversion as early as 13 days post-infection (dpi) and the geometric mean of the antibody titers (GMT) of all four horses ranged from 16.82-160 as demonstrated by the microneutralization assay. Further, deep RNA sequencing of the virus isolated in embryonated chicken eggs revealed no adaptive mutations indicating that IDV can replicate in horses, suggesting the possibility of interspecies transmission of IDV with bovine reservoir into equids in nature.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- Engineered Bacillus subtilis to deliver dsRNA via extracellular vesicles against the H9N2 avian influenza virus 6 hours ago
- [preprint]Spatiotemporal dynamics and ecological risk factors of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in Canadian wildlife: A One Health surveillance analysis 6 hours ago
- Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Jiangsu Province, China, 2024 17 hours ago
- Innate Pathway Selection Modulates Antibody and T-Cell Responses to Mosaic Influenza Nucleoprotein in Cattle 2 days ago
- Game Over for the Baseline: Influenza Hospitalization Patterns Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic (FluSurv-NET, 2009–2025) 2 days ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]


