McKellar J, Rebendenne A, Wencker M, Moncorgé O, G. Mammalian and Avian Host Cell Influenza A Restriction Factors. Viruses. 2021 Mar 22;13(3):522
The threat of a new influenza pandemic is real. With past pandemics claiming millions of lives, finding new ways to combat this virus is essential. Host cells have developed a multi-modular system to detect incoming pathogens, a phenomenon called sensing. The signaling cascade triggered by sensing subsequently induces protection for themselves and their surrounding neighbors, termed interferon (IFN) response. This response induces the upregulation of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including antiviral effectors, establishing an antiviral state. As well as the antiviral proteins induced through the IFN system, cells also possess a so-called intrinsic immunity, constituted of antiviral proteins that are constitutively expressed, creating a first barrier preceding the induction of the interferon system. All these combined antiviral effectors inhibit the virus at various stages of the viral lifecycle, using a wide array of mechanisms. Here, we provide a review of mammalian and avian influenza A restriction factors, detailing their mechanism of action and in vivo relevance, when known. Understanding their mode of action might help pave the way for the development of new influenza treatments, which are absolutely required if we want to be prepared to face a new pandemic.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- Assessment of exposure to influenza A viruses in pigs between weaning and market age 2 hours ago
- Virus Neutralization by Human Intravenous Immunoglobulin Against Influenza Virus Subtypes A/H5 and A/H7 1 days ago
- Balancing the influenza neuraminidase and hemagglutinin responses by exchanging the vaccine virus backbone 3 days ago
- Characterization of Four Novel H5N6 Avian Influenza Viruses with the Internal Genes from H5N1 and H9N2 Viruses and Experimental Challenge of Chickens Vaccinated with Current Commercially Available H5 3 days ago
- Metabolic shifts modulate lung injury caused by infection with H1N1 influenza A virus 4 days ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]