Zhao L, Xia H, Huang J, Zheng Y, Liu C, Su J, Ping. Features of Nuclear Export Signals of NS2 Protein of Influenza D Virus. Viruses. 2020 Sep 29;12(10):E1100
Emerging influenza D viruses (IDVs), the newest member in the genus Orthomyxovirus family, which can infect and transmit in multiple mammalian species as its relatives the influenza A viruses (IAVs). Additional studies of biological characteristics of IDVs are needed; here, we studied the characteristics of IDV nonstructural protein 2 (NS2), which shares the lowest homology to known influenza proteins. First, we generated reassortant viruses via reverse genetics to analyze the segment compatibility and gene interchangeability between IAVs and IDVs. Next, we investigated the locations and exact sequences of nuclear export signals (NESs) of the IDV NS2 protein. Surprisingly, three separate NES regions were found to contribute to the nuclear export of an eGFP fusion protein. Alanine scanning mutagenesis identified critical amino acid residues within each NES, and co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that their nuclear export activities depend on the CRM1-mediated pathway, particularly for the third NES (136-146aa) of IDV NS2. Interestingly, the third NES was important for the interaction of NS2 protein with CRM1. The findings in this study contribute to the understanding of IDV NS2 protein´s role during nucleocytoplasmic transport of influenza viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs) and will also facilitate the development of novel anti-influenza drugs targeting nuclear export signals of IDV NS2 protein.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- Risk of infection of dairy cattle in the EU with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus affecting dairy cows in the United States of America (H5N1, Eurasian lineage goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b. ge 20 hours ago
- Avian influenza overview September - November 2025 20 hours ago
- [preprint]Airway organoids reveal patterns of Influenza A tropism and adaptation in wildlife species 20 hours ago
- Cats are more susceptible to the prevalent H3 subtype influenza viruses than dogs 23 hours ago
- Overview of high pathogenicity avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in wildlife from Central and South America, October 2022-September 2025 23 hours ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]


