Lytras T, Mouratidou E, Andreopoulou A,et al. Effect of early oseltamivir treatment on mortality in critically ill patients with different types of influenza: a multi-season cohort study. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Feb 7
Background:
The available evidence on whether neuraminidase inhibitors reduce mortality in patients with influenza is inconclusive, and focuses solely on influenza A/H1N1pdm09. We assessed whether early oseltamivir treatment (≤48 hours from symptom onset) decreases mortality compared to late treatment in a large cohort of critically ill patients with influenza of all types.
Methods:
The study included all adults with laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) in Greece over eight seasons (2010-2011 to 2017-2018) and treated with oseltamivir. The association of early oseltamivir with mortality was assessed with log-binomial models, and a competing risks analysis estimating cause-specific and subdistribution hazards for death and discharge. Effect estimates were stratified by influenza type and adjusted for multiple covariates.
Results:
1330 patients were studied, of whom 622 (46.8%) died in the ICU. Among patients with influenza A/H3N2, early treatment was associated with significantly lower mortality (Relative Risk 0.69, 95% CrI 0.49-0.94; subdistribution Hazard Ratio 0.58, 95% CrI 0.37-0.88). This effect was purely due to an increased cause-specific hazard for discharge, while the cause-specific hazard for death was not increased. Among survivors, the median length of ICU stay was shorter with early treatment by 1.8 days (95% CrI 0.5-3.5). No effect on mortality was observed for A/H1N1 and influenza B patients.
Conclusions:
Severely ill patients with suspected influenza should be promptly treated with oseltamivir, particularly when A/H3N2 is circulating. The efficacy of oseltamivir should not be assumed to be equal against all types of influenza.
The available evidence on whether neuraminidase inhibitors reduce mortality in patients with influenza is inconclusive, and focuses solely on influenza A/H1N1pdm09. We assessed whether early oseltamivir treatment (≤48 hours from symptom onset) decreases mortality compared to late treatment in a large cohort of critically ill patients with influenza of all types.
Methods:
The study included all adults with laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) in Greece over eight seasons (2010-2011 to 2017-2018) and treated with oseltamivir. The association of early oseltamivir with mortality was assessed with log-binomial models, and a competing risks analysis estimating cause-specific and subdistribution hazards for death and discharge. Effect estimates were stratified by influenza type and adjusted for multiple covariates.
Results:
1330 patients were studied, of whom 622 (46.8%) died in the ICU. Among patients with influenza A/H3N2, early treatment was associated with significantly lower mortality (Relative Risk 0.69, 95% CrI 0.49-0.94; subdistribution Hazard Ratio 0.58, 95% CrI 0.37-0.88). This effect was purely due to an increased cause-specific hazard for discharge, while the cause-specific hazard for death was not increased. Among survivors, the median length of ICU stay was shorter with early treatment by 1.8 days (95% CrI 0.5-3.5). No effect on mortality was observed for A/H1N1 and influenza B patients.
Conclusions:
Severely ill patients with suspected influenza should be promptly treated with oseltamivir, particularly when A/H3N2 is circulating. The efficacy of oseltamivir should not be assumed to be equal against all types of influenza.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- [preprint]Highly pathogenic avian influenza management in high-density poultry farming areas 1 days ago
- [preprint]Dairy cattle herds mount a characteristic antibody response to highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses 1 days ago
- Intranasal influenza virus-vectored vaccine offers protection against clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 infection in small animal models 2 days ago
- Mapping of stakeholders in avian influenza surveillance in Canada 2 days ago
- [preprint]Population Immunity to Hemagglutinin Head, Stalk and Neuraminidase of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses in the United States and the Impact of Seasonal Influenza on 3 days ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]