OIE: Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Japan
Information received on 20/12/2010 from Dr Toshiro Kawashima, CVO, Animal Health Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo , Japan
Summary
Report type |
Immediate notification |
Start date |
16/12/2010 |
Date of first confirmation of the event |
19/12/2010 |
Report date |
20/12/2010 |
Date submitted to OIE |
20/12/2010 |
Reason for notification |
Reoccurrence of a listed disease |
Date of previous occurrence |
01/04/2009 |
Manifestation of disease |
Clinical disease |
Causal agent |
Highly pathogenic avian inluenza virus |
Serotype |
H5 |
Nature of diagnosis |
Clinical, Laboratory (basic), Laboratory (advanced), Necropsy |
This event pertains to |
the whole country |
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks |
Total outbreaks: 1 |
Location(s) |
- TOYAMA (Takaoka kojo(Old Castle) Park Zoo, Kojo, Takaoka city)
|
Total animals affected |
Species |
Susceptible |
Cases |
Deaths |
Destroyed |
Slaughtered |
Wild species |
14 |
4 |
4 |
10 |
0 | |
Outbreak statistics |
Species |
Apparent morbidity rate |
Apparent mortality rate |
Apparent case fatality rate |
Proportion susceptible animals lost* |
Wild species |
28.57% |
28.57% |
100.00% |
100.00% | * Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter |
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection |
|
Epidemiological comments |
It is confirmed on 19 December 2010 that a captive wild mute swan (Cygnus olor) in Toyama prefecture was infected with HPAI. On 16 December 2010, a staff member of the Takaoka Old Castle Park Zoo found out the death of two mute swans in a moat. The local veterinary service centre in the prefecture confirmed a sample taken from the dead birds was influenza A virus positive by antigen-capture kits on the same day. On 19 December 2010, the National Institute of Animal Health affirmed by HI test that the case was due to influenza A virus subtype H5 and found that the amino acid sequence of the connecting peptide of the haemagglutinin was the same as known highly pathogenic avian influenza. Neuraminidase inhibition assay are being carried out. On 20 December 2010, the institute confirmed the case as highly pathogenic avian influenza because the isolate caused 75 % mortality in 4-week-old chickens infected intravenously. The isolate is a closely-related strain with the viruses isolated from faeces of migratory wild ducks in Hokkaido in October 2010 and the cases occurred in Shimane prefecture in November 2010. The zoo destroyed all captive wild birds kept in the moat for its own prevention on 18 December 2010. Although a total of 4 dead birds are found out, 3 out of them were negative by antigen-capture kits. |
Control measures
Measures applied |
- Stamping out
- Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s)
- Vaccination prohibited
- No treatment of affected animals
|
Measures to be applied |
|
Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type |
Local livestock hygene service center (Local laboratory) |
Tests and results |
Species |
Test |
Test date |
Result |
other species |
virus isolation |
18/12/2010 |
Positive | |
Laboratory name and type |
National Institute of Animal Health (National laboratory) |
Tests and results |
Species |
Test |
Test date |
Result |
other species |
gene sequencing |
19/12/2010 |
Positive |
other species |
haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT) |
19/12/2010 |
Positive |
other species |
intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) test |
20/12/2010 |
Positive | |
Future Reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted. |